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Information
| Unit | INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES |
| ANATOMY (MEDICINE) (PhD) | |
| Code | ANA609 |
| Name | Anatomy, Connections and Lesions of the Spinal Cord |
| Term | 2025-2026 Academic Year |
| Term | Fall and Spring |
| Duration (T+A) | 3-0 (T-A) (17 Week) |
| ECTS | 6 ECTS |
| National Credit | 3 National Credit |
| Teaching Language | Türkçe |
| Level | Doktora Dersi |
| Type | Normal |
| Mode of study | Yüz Yüze Öğretim |
| Catalog Information Coordinator | Prof. Dr. EMİNE DÖNDÜ KIZILKANAT |
| Course Instructor |
The current term course schedule has not been prepared yet.
|
Course Goal / Objective
The aim of this course is to provide a detailed examination of the structures that form the spinal cord. Students are expected to learn the internal structure of the spinal cord, structural differences in various regions, spinal reflex mechanisms, distinguish descending and ascending pathways, explain the anatomical basis of nerve lesions in clinical cases, and interpret relevant literature.
Course Content
The course aims to understand the structure and functions of the spinal cord, the descending and ascending pathways, and to distinguish the changes that occur in spinal cord injury.
Course Precondition
There are no prerequisites for the course.
Resources
1. Current articles and online resources 2. Atlaslı Nöroanatomi ve Fonksiyonel Nöroloji
Notes
Additional readings related to the courses will be given as part of the course.
Course Learning Outcomes
| Order | Course Learning Outcomes |
|---|---|
| LO01 | Describes in detail the structures that constitute the spinal cord. |
| LO02 | Identifies the internal structure of the spinal cord. |
| LO03 | Defines spinal reflex mechanisms. |
| LO04 | Identifies descending and ascending pathways. |
| LO05 | Discusses spinal cord injury-related changes through clinical case studies. |
| LO06 | Critically evaluates current research related to the spinal cord in the literature. |
| LO07 | Writes a research report on the spinal cord in accordance with academic standards. |
| LO08 | Effectively applies spinal cord knowledge in academic research. |
Relation with Program Learning Outcome
| Order | Type | Program Learning Outcomes | Level |
|---|---|---|---|
| PLO01 | Bilgi - Kuramsal, Olgusal | Develops and deepens the current and advanced level knowledge of anatomy via unique thoughts or researches at a level of proficiency, find out original definitions that will bring innovation in the field of anatomy. | 3 |
| PLO02 | Bilgi - Kuramsal, Olgusal | Comprehends the interdisciplinary interactions related to anatomy; analyze, synthesize and evaluates original and new thoughts. | 2 |
| PLO03 | Bilgi - Kuramsal, Olgusal | Explains the usage of tool, devices and instruments requiered for knowledge and technologies about anatomy and related disciplines. | 1 |
| PLO04 | Bilgi - Kuramsal, Olgusal | Explains importance of ethical rules and principles for individual and societies. | 2 |
| PLO05 | Bilgi - Kuramsal, Olgusal | Defines frequently used statistical methods in anatomy and related disciplines. | 2 |
| PLO06 | Bilgi - Kuramsal, Olgusal | Evaluates and uses new knowlegde about anatomy via systematic approach. | 2 |
| PLO07 | Bilgi - Kuramsal, Olgusal | Develops a new thoughts, method and designment/application which is brings innovation in anatomy or implements a known thoughts, method and designment/application in different fields, investigates, comprehends, designs, adapts, implements an original topic. | |
| PLO08 | Bilgi - Kuramsal, Olgusal | Writes the report of his reaearch which he/she participated and publishes/presents in peer-reviewed national/international journals or scientific meeting. | 2 |
| PLO09 | Bilgi - Kuramsal, Olgusal | Makes an critical analysis, synthesis and evaluation of new and analytical thoughts. | 3 |
| PLO10 | Bilgi - Kuramsal, Olgusal | Uses scientific research methods at an advanced level in their studies. | |
| PLO11 | Bilgi - Kuramsal, Olgusal | Makes necessary investigations by using tool, devices and instruments required for knowledge and technologies about anatomy and related disciplines at an advanced level, develops a new and creative solutions for problems. | |
| PLO12 | Bilgi - Kuramsal, Olgusal | Leads the solutions of problems regarding anatomy and related disciplines. | |
| PLO13 | Bilgi - Kuramsal, Olgusal | Performs the statistical analysis to evaulate scientific paper, publishes/presents in peer-reviewed national/international journals. | 2 |
| PLO14 | Beceriler - Bilişsel, Uygulamalı | Develops the evidence based new methods and thoughts about anatomy by utilizing mechanisms of creative, critical thinking, problem solving and decision-making | |
| PLO15 | Beceriler - Bilişsel, Uygulamalı | Implements vocational development and life-long learning principles related to anatomy field in his/her studies. | 3 |
| PLO16 | Yetkinlikler - Bağımsız Çalışabilme ve Sorumluluk Alabilme Yetkinliği | Communicates effectively and competently with specialists about the anatomy and related fields during discussion while defending original thoughts of his/her | |
| PLO17 | Yetkinlikler - Bağımsız Çalışabilme ve Sorumluluk Alabilme Yetkinliği | Discusses and makes visually, written and orally communication by using the C1 level for Common European Framework of Reference for Languages at an advanced level. | 2 |
| PLO18 | Yetkinlikler - Öğrenme Yetkinliği | Communicates functionally by using mechanisms of ethical and strategic desicion for solving encountered problems, contributes to be and maintain process of information society by presenting scientific, technological, social and cultural advancements related to anatomy. | 2 |
| PLO19 | Yetkinlikler - Öğrenme Yetkinliği | Chooses accurately statistical methods, implements, discusses accurately for his/her studies anatomy and related disciplines and analyzes-synthesize within the scope of ethical rules. | |
| PLO20 | Yetkinlikler - Öğrenme Yetkinliği | Uses the current developments and knowledge regar ding anatomy field for the benefits of the children, families, national values and societies in accordance with the facts of country. |
Week Plan
| Week | Topic | Preparation | Methods |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Course introduction and overview of the spinal cord | Review of basic anatomy and neuroanatomy | Öğretim Yöntemleri: Anlatım, Soru-Cevap, Tartışma |
| 2 | Internal structure of the spinal cord | Review of relevant textbook and resources | Öğretim Yöntemleri: Anlatım, Soru-Cevap, Tartışma |
| 3 | Structural differences in various regions of the spinal cord | Review of relevant textbook and resources | Öğretim Yöntemleri: Anlatım, Soru-Cevap, Tartışma |
| 4 | Gray matter structure of the spinal cord | Review of relevant textbook and resources | Öğretim Yöntemleri: Anlatım, Soru-Cevap, Tartışma |
| 5 | Muscle receptors | Review of relevant textbook and resources | Öğretim Yöntemleri: Anlatım, Soru-Cevap, Tartışma |
| 6 | Spinal reflex mechanisms | Review of relevant textbook and resources | Öğretim Yöntemleri: Anlatım, Soru-Cevap, Tartışma |
| 7 | Concepts of upper and lower motor neurons, corticospinal tract | Review of relevant textbook and resources | Öğretim Yöntemleri: Anlatım, Soru-Cevap, Tartışma |
| 8 | Mid-Term Exam | Presentation preparation | Ölçme Yöntemleri: Sözlü Sınav, Ödev |
| 9 | Branches of the corticospinal tract, upper and lower motor neuron paralysis | Review of relevant textbook and literature | Öğretim Yöntemleri: Anlatım, Soru-Cevap, Tartışma |
| 10 | Extrapyramidal descending pathways and lesions | Online sources Review of relevant textbook and literature | Öğretim Yöntemleri: Anlatım, Soru-Cevap, Tartışma |
| 11 | Posterior column system | Literature review Review of relevant textbook and literature Recent ca | Öğretim Yöntemleri: Anlatım, Soru-Cevap, Tartışma |
| 12 | Unconscious proprioceptive sensations | Review of relevant textbook and literature | Öğretim Yöntemleri: Anlatım, Soru-Cevap, Tartışma |
| 13 | Anterolateral system | Review of relevant textbook and literature | Öğretim Yöntemleri: Anlatım, Soru-Cevap, Tartışma |
| 14 | Major spinal cord lesions | Student presentation preparation | Öğretim Yöntemleri: Anlatım, Soru-Cevap, Tartışma |
| 15 | General review and midterm evaluation | All topics | Öğretim Yöntemleri: Anlatım, Soru-Cevap, Tartışma |
| 16 | Term Exams | Presentation preparation | Ölçme Yöntemleri: Sözlü Sınav, Ödev |
| 17 | Term Exams | Presentation preparation | Ölçme Yöntemleri: Sözlü Sınav, Ödev |
Student Workload - ECTS
| Works | Number | Time (Hour) | Workload (Hour) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Course Related Works | |||
| Class Time (Exam weeks are excluded) | 14 | 3 | 42 |
| Out of Class Study (Preliminary Work, Practice) | 14 | 4 | 56 |
| Assesment Related Works | |||
| Homeworks, Projects, Others | 1 | 15 | 15 |
| Mid-term Exams (Written, Oral, etc.) | 1 | 10 | 10 |
| Final Exam | 1 | 20 | 20 |
| Total Workload (Hour) | 143 | ||
| Total Workload / 25 (h) | 5,72 | ||
| ECTS | 6 ECTS | ||